Marking World Cancer Day on Wednesday 4 February, Northern Ireland's Public Health Agency (PHA) is calling on everyone to be more alert to changes in their body and to contact their GP if something doesn't feel right.

Cancer is common, with around 1 in 2 people expected to develop some form of the disease during their lifetime. Spotting changes early can support quicker diagnosis and better outcomes. Dr Louise Herron, Deputy Director of Public Health at the PHA, said: "Everyone knows what feels 'normal' for them and it's important to be aware of any changes in your body, but there are some common changes and symptoms to look out for and act on. Being aware of the general signs and symptoms of cancer can help early detection and increase your chance of survival."

Common signs and symptoms to be aware of include:

- coughing up blood;

- blood in your urine;

- blood mixed through a bowel motion (stools);

- a change in bowel habit that lasts for three weeks or more;

- unexplained, significant weight loss (5kg/10lbs over a couple of months);

- a lump anywhere on your body;

- changes to your skin or to an existing mole (such as itching, bleeding or a change in shape or colour);

- a sore that doesn't heal;

- symptoms that don't clear up, for example a cough or hoarseness that lasts for more than three weeks. Dr Herron continued: "If you notice any of these symptoms and you feel something isn't right, do not hesitate to contact your GP. In many cases, these symptoms will turn out to be a sign of something far less serious, but it is always best to get them checked out.

"As well as being aware of the signs and symptoms, our screening programmes play an important role in the early detection of diseases. If you get a letter in the post asking you to book an appointment for cervical or breast screening, or you receive a bowel screening kit in the post, don't delay – book an appointment or do the test.

"Noticing changes in your own body, and taking part screening even if you feel perfectly well, can help detect problems early, when they're easier to treat. Making time for these appointments could save your life."

The PHA also highlights practical steps that can help lower cancer risk:

- Stop smoking. Visit www.StopSmokingNI.info for tips to quit and details of free local support.

- Reduce alcohol intake. Learn about units and safer limits at www.DrugsAndAlcoholNI.info.

- Exercise regularly and maintain a healthy weight. Guidance is available at www.ChooseToLiveBetter.com.

- Be UV aware. Use sunscreen, seek shade, and wear sunglasses and a hat when the UV index is 3 or higher. Avoid sunbeds and check your skin regularly. See www.CareInTheSun.org.

- Attend screening when invited. Find out more about Northern Ireland screening programmes at www.CancerScreening.hscni.net.

For further information on cancer signs and symptoms, visit www.BeCancerAwareNI.info.